secwatch / observer

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. — fact timeline

Source-grounded facts extracted from Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.'s SEC 8-K filings across all families, newest first. Each cites a verbatim SEC excerpt.

ESPR Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. JSON

Ankit Pareek was elected as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Justin Bateman was elected as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Seth H.Z. Fischer departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Jay P. Shepard departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Craig Thompson departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Robert E. Hoffman departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

Sheldon L. Koenig departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”

J. Martin Carroll departed as director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Effective upon the consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each of J. Martin Carroll, Sheldon L. Koenig, Robert E. Hoffman, Craig Thompson, Jay P. Shepard and Seth H.Z. Fischer, who constituted the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, ceased to be directors of the Company, and Justin Bateman and Ankit Pareek, the directors of MergerCo immediately prior to the Effective Time, were elected as directors of the Company.”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Amendment to 2022 Plan to increase authorized shares by 7,000,000 at the 2026-05-28 meeting.

“For Against Abstain Broker Non-Votes 108,150,213 22,489,001 454,840 46,114,802”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm at the 2026-05-28 meeting.

“ective successors are duly elected and qualified, subject to their earlier death, resignation or removal (“Proposal 1”), (ii) to approve the non-binding advisory resolution on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (“Proposal 2”), (iii) to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 (“Proposal 3”), and (iv) to approve an amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2022 Plan by 7,000,000 shares ("Proposal 4").”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Non-binding advisory resolution on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers at the 2026-05-28 meeting.

“'s Board of Directors, each to hold office until the Company's 2029 annual meeting of stockholders and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, subject to their earlier death, resignation or removal (“Proposal 1”), (ii) to approve the non-binding advisory resolution on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (“Proposal 2”), (iii) to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 (“Proposal 3”), and (iv) to approve an amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2022 Plan by 7,000,000 shares ("Proposal 4").”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Election of Class I directors at the 2026-05-28 meeting.

“J. Martin Carroll 105,082,565 26,011,489 46,114,802 Sheldon L. Koenig 109,672,941 21,421,113 46,114,802”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Agreement and Plan of Merger with Essence Parent Inc. valued at Merger consideration of $3.16 per share plus contingent value rights (effective 2026-05-01).

“On May 1, 2026, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “ Company ”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “ Merger Agreement ”) with Essence Parent Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), and Essence MergerCo Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ MergerCo ”), pursuant to which, subject to the terms and conditions thereof, MergerCo will merge with and into the Company with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (the “ Merger ”).”
Debt Financings

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. incurred term loan of $25,000,000 with GLAS USA LLC and GLAS Americas LLC, collectively, as the administrative agent for the lenders.

“The First Amendment amends that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2024 (the “Existing Credit Agreement” and as amended by the Amendment, the “Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company, the Administrative Agent and the lenders party thereto. The Amendment, among other things, provides for the incurrence of additional term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $25,000,000 (the “First Amendment Term Loans”)”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into First Amendment to Credit Agreement with GLAS USA LLC and GLAS Americas LLC, collectively, as the administrative agent (effective 2026-04-02).

“On April 2, 2026 (the “Closing Date”), Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into the First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “Amendment”), by and among the Company, as the borrower, the lenders party thereto and GLAS USA LLC and GLAS Americas LLC, collectively, as the administrative agent for the lenders (the “Administrative Agent”).”
M&A Transactions

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. completed an acquisition involving Corstasis Therapeutics Inc. for The aggregate up-front consideration for the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Transactions”) was $75,000,000 in cash, subject to customar (closed 2026-04-02).

“On March 2, 2026, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Corstasis Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Corstasis”), Cirrus Transaction Subsidiary, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”) and certain other parties described therein. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, on April 2, 2026, the Company completed the merger of Corstasis with and into Merger Sub, with Corstasis surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). The aggregate up-front consideration for the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Transactions”) was $75,000,000 in cash, subject to customary adjustments and a post-closing purchase price adjustment. In addition, the equityholders of Corstasis are entitled to receive: (i) milestone payments up to an aggregate amount equal to $180,000,000 if certain regulatory approval or commercial sales milestones are achieved and (ii) r”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported the full year ended December 31, 2025 results: revenue $403.1 Million.

“– FY25 Total Revenue Grew 21% Y/Y to $403.1 Million; FY25 U.S. Net Product Revenue Grew 38% Y/Y to $159.6 Million –”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2025 results: revenue $168.4 Million.

“– Q4 2025 U.S. Net Product Revenue Grew ~38% Y/Y to $43.7 Million; Q4 2025 Total Revenue Grew 144% Y/Y to $168.4 Million –”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Agreement and Plan of Merger with Corstasis Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Corstasis”), and Cirrus Transaction Subsidiary, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”) valued at $75,000,000 (effective 2026-03-02).

“On March 2, 2026, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Corstasis Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Corstasis”), and Cirrus Transaction Subsidiary, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”).”

Eric Warren departed as Chief Commercial Officer at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“Eric Warren was stepping down from his position as Chief Commercial Officer of the Company, effective as of April 18, 2025.”

Robert E. Hoffman was elected as Director and Chairperson of the Audit Committee at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“On April 1, 2025, upon the recommendation of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, the Board elected Robert E. Hoffman to the Board, effective April 1, 2025.”

Antonio M. Gotto, Jr., M.D., D.Phil. resigned as Director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“On April 1, 2025, Antonio M. Gotto, Jr., M.D., D. Phil. notified the Board of the Company of his decision to resign from the Board, including his position as a member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board (the “Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee”), effective June 1, 2025.”

Nicole Vitullo resigned as Director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“On April 1, 2025, Nicole Vitullo notified the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) of her decision to resign from the Board, including her positions as a member of the Audit Committee of the Board (the “Audit Committee”) and Compliance Committee of the Board, effective June 1, 2025.”

JoAnne Foody changed role as Chief Medical Officer at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“JoAnne Foody will be transitioning from her role as the Company’s Chief Medical Officer and that her employment with the Company will end on or before September 16, 2024”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported first quarter ended March 31, 2024 results: revenue $137.7 million.

“Esperion Reports First Quarter 2024 Financial Results – Q1 Total Revenue Grew 467% Y/Y to $137.7 Million”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2023 results: revenue $32.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, and $116.3 million for the full year ended December 31, 2023.

“Esperion (NASDAQ: ESPR) today reported financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2023, and provided a business update.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Underwriting Agreement with Jefferies LLC (effective 2024-01-18).

“On January 18, 2024, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), as representative of the several underwriters listed on Schedule A thereto (the “Underwriters”), related to an underwritten public offering (the “Offering”) of 56,700,000 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”), at a purchase price to the public of $1.50 per share.”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. updated its the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 guidance (initiated).

“Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) announced in its management presentation at the 42 nd Annual J.P. Morgan Healthcare Conference the following financial guidance for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into 1st Amendment to License and Collaboration Agreement with Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited valued at Entitlement to one-time cash payments up to $175 million upon commercial milestones and tiered royal (effective 2024-01-02).

“Pursuant to the DS Amendment, the Company is entitled to receive one-time cash payments of up to $175 million upon the achievement of certain commercial milestones related to total net sales achievements in the DS Territory. The Company is also entitled to receive tiered 5% to 20% royalties on net DS Territory sales.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into 3rd Amendment to License and Collaboration Agreement with Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH valued at Entitlement to one-time cash payments up to $300 million upon commercial milestones and tiered royal (effective 2024-01-02).

“Pursuant to the DSE Amendment, the Company is entitled to receive one-time cash payments of up to $300 million upon the achievement of certain commercial milestones related to total net sales achievements in the DSE Territory. The Company is also entitled to receive tiered 15% to 25% royalties on net DSE Territory sales.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Settlement Agreement with Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH valued at Aggregate payment of $125 million, consisting of $100 million within 15 business days and $25 millio (effective 2024-01-02).

“On January 2, 2024, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a settlement agreement with Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH (“DSE”) to amicably resolve and dismiss their commercial dispute now pending in the Southern District of New York (the “Settlement Agreement”). Under the Settlement Agreement, DSE has agreed to pay the Company an aggregate of $125 million, including (1) a $100-million payment within 15 business days of the effective date of the Settlement Agreement and (2) a $25-million payment in the calendar quarter immediately following the calendar quarter in which the European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) renders a decision on the application that was filed with the EMA for a Type II(a) variation for the Company’s oral non-statin products marketed as NILEMDO® (bempedoic acid) tablets and NUSTENDI® (bempedoic acid and ezetimibe) tablets in Europe.”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported the third quarter ended September 30, 2023 results: revenue $34.0 million, net income $41.3 million, EPS $0.37.

“--- EX-99.1 (EX-99.1) --- Esperion Reports Third Quarter 2023 Financial Results – Q3 U.S. Net Product Revenue Grew 45% Y/Y to $20.3 Million; Q3 Total Revenue Grew 79% Y/Y to $34.0 Million – – Q3 Retail Prescription Equivalents Grew 33% Y/Y and 8% Q/Q, Demonstrating Sustained Momentum into 2H 2023 – – Received FDA Acceptance of Application for Expanded CV Risk”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported second quarter ended June 30, 2023 results: revenue $25.8 million, net income $49.9 million, EPS $0.46.

“Outcomes Analysis by Glycaemic Status, presented by Kausik K Ray. Second Quarter and YTD 2023 Financial Results Total revenue for the second quarter ended June 30, 2023, was $25.8 million and $50.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $18.8 million and $37.7 million for the comparable periods in 2022, an increase of 37% and 33%,”
Governance Changes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.: Increase in authorized shares of common stock from 240,000,000 to 480,000,000 (effective 2023-06-15).

“On June 15, 2023, the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter Amendment”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to increase the authorized shares of common stock from 240,000,000 to 480,000,000.”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Amendment to Charter to increase authorized shares of common stock from 240,000,000 to 480,000,000 at the 2023-06-15 meeting.

“The Company's stockholders approved Proposal 5. The votes cast at the Annual Meeting were as follows: For Against Abstain Broker Non-Votes 47,061,607 16,172,466 267,010 —”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Amendment to 2022 Plan to increase authorized shares by 6,250,000 at the 2023-06-15 meeting.

“The Company's stockholders approved Proposal 4. The votes cast at the Annual Meeting were as follows: For Against Abstain Broker Non-Votes 38,591,807 12,933,792 138,655 11,836,829”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Ratification of Ernst & Young LLP as independent registered public accounting firm at the 2023-06-15 meeting.

“The Company's stockholders approved Proposal 3. The votes cast at the Annual Meeting were as follows: For Against Abstain Broker Non-Votes 54,870,683 8,386,449 243,951 —”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Advisory resolution on compensation of named executive officers at the 2023-06-15 meeting.

“The Company's stockholders approved Proposal 2. The votes cast at the Annual Meeting were as follows: For Against Abstain Broker Non-Votes 37,435,096 14,031,443 197,715 11,836,829”
Shareholder Votes

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. shareholders approved Election of four Class I directors at the 2023-06-15 meeting.

“The Company's stockholders voted for Class I directors as follows: Class I Director Nominee For Withhold Broker Non-Votes J. Martin Carroll 43,083,881 8,580,373 11,836,829 Sheldon L. Koenig 39,779,430 11,884,824 11,836,829 Stephen Rocamboli 43,675,302 7,988,952 11,836,829 Tracy M. Woody 31,285,327 20,378,927 11,836,829”

Jeffrey Berkowitz resigned as Director at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“On June 15, 2023, Jeffrey Berkowitz, J.D. notified the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company of his decision to resign from the Board, effective immediately.”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported the first quarter ended March 31, 2023 results: revenue $24.3 million, net income $61.7 million, EPS $0.79. Guidance reaffirmed.

“the clinical trials comprising the CLEAR program, the Company’s pipeline, and information about cardiometabolic disease. First Quarter 2023 Financial Results Total revenue was $24.3 million, compared to $18.8 million for the comparable period in 2022, an increase of 29%. U.S. net product revenue was $17.0 million, compared to $13.4 million for the comparable period”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Engagement Letter with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (effective 2023-03-16).

“Pursuant to a letter agreement, dated March 16, 2023 (the “Engagement Letter”), the Company engaged H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC as its exclusive placement agent (the “Placement Agent”) in connection with the Offering.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. amended Warrant Amendment Agreements valued at approximately $1.13 million (effective 2023-12-07).

“In connection with the Offering, the Company amended, pursuant to Warrant Amendment Agreements (the “Warrant Amendment Agreements”), certain existing warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 9,024,212 shares of the Company's common stock that were previously issued in December 2021 at an exercise price of $9.00 per share and had an expiration date of December 7, 2023, effective upon the closing of the Offering”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Securities Purchase Agreement with certain purchasers named therein (effective 2023-03-19).

“On March 19, 2023, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain purchasers named therein (the “Purchasers”)”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2022 results: revenue $18.8 million, net income net losses of $55.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2022 and $233.7 million for the full year ended December 31, 2022, EPS basic and diluted net losses per share of $0.76 for the fourth quarter of 2022 and $3.52 for the year ended December 31,.

“consumer and brand awareness in their national fanbase Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Financial Results Total revenue for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2022, was $18.8 million and $75.5 million for the full year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $15.4 million and $78.4 million for the comparable periods in 2021, an increase of 22% and a decrease of”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. terminated Open Market Sale Agreement with Jefferies LLC valued at the Company terminated the 2021 Sales Agreement, effective as of February 21, 2023 (effective 2023-02-21).

“In connection with the Company’s entry into the 2023 Sales Agreement, the Company terminated the 2021 Sales Agreement, effective as of February 21, 2023, pursuant to Section 7(b)(i) thereof.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. entered into Controlled Equity Offering SM Sales Agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. valued at up to $70,000,000 of shares of the Company's common stock (effective 2023-02-21).

“On February 21, 2023, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a Controlled Equity Offering SM Sales Agreement (the “2023 Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the “Agent”), pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, at its option, up to an aggregate of $70,000,000 of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Shares”), through the Agent, as the Company’s sales agent (the “ATM Offering”).”
Earnings Releases

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. reported fourth-quarter 2022 results: revenue $14.4 to $15.1 million.

“Preliminary, unaudited fourth-quarter 2022 net U.S. product sales are expected to be between $14.4 to $15.1 million; FY growth between 38% and 40% year over year.”
Material Agreements

Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. amended Waiver and Amendment No. 3 to Revenue Interest Purchase Agreement and Amendment No. 2 to Security Agreement with the purchasers party thereto and Eiger III SA LLC valued at $50 million (effective 2022-11-23).

“On November 23, 2022, Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into Waiver and Amendment No. 3 to Revenue Interest Purchase Agreement and Amendment No. 2 to Security Agreement (the “RIPA Amendment”), by and among the Company, the purchasers party thereto (the “Purchasers”), and Eiger III SA LLC, as the collateral agent and administrative agent (the “Purchaser Agent”), which amends (i) the Revenue Interest Purchase Agreement”

Benjamin Halladay was appointed as Chief Financial Officer at Esperion Therapeutics, Inc..

“On November 16, 2022, the board of directors (the “Board”) of Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) appointed Benjamin Halladay as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to the terms of an employment agreement with Mr. Halladay (the “Halladay Agreement”), effective as of November 16, 2022 (the “Commencement Date”).”

Facts are extracted by an LLM and gated to those whose source quote is present verbatim in the filing text. Coverage is best-effort while backfill and monitoring mature; this is not yet a full-market index. See methodology.